A Review of Mahatma Gandhis Statements in His Book Selected Political Writings

A Review of Mahatma Gandhi's Statements in His Book Selected Political Writings Gandhi Essay Mahatma Gandhi, in the book â€Å"Selected Political Writings,† claimed that â€Å"swaraj† is to be taken to mean the â€Å"independence† of a nation or people. In this essay I will discuss the questions of: Why does Gandhi think nations need to rule themselves? What does he mean when he suggests â€Å"external freedom will always be the means of measuring the freedom of the self within. Hence we often find the laws that are made to grant us freedom often turn out to be the shackles binding us†? And, why does he say that â€Å"warfare may give us another rule for the English rule, but not self-rule†? I will first begin with answering the question of why Gandhi thinks nations need to rule themselves. Gandhi uses the word â€Å"swaraj† to mean independence or self-rule. He says politically that â€Å"swaraj† is self-government and not good government, meaning that a country, India in this case, is independent of another governments’ control; at the time India was under the control of Great Britain. Gandhi is seeing the abuse, oppression, and crisis that his people were in so he led a non-violent civil disobedience movement. It was said that â€Å"liberation ultimately had to begin with the colonized and end with the colonizers†. Gandhi realized that the real power was never really in the colonizers (Great Britain) or the government, but in the hands of the people. Gandhi said that growth would come to India if â€Å"swaraj† was attained. That was really what he wanted, a great change to come to India; the kind of change that would encompass all of society, individuals, and communities. He didn’t say however that it would be easy for â€Å"swaraj† because it is not just â€Å"the change of government from British to Indian rule but a real change of heart on the part of the people†. Next, I will discuss what Gandhi meant when he said that â€Å"external freedom will always be the means of measuring the freedom of the self within. Hence, we often find the laws that are made to grant us freedom often turn out to be the shackles binding us†. In that quote Gandhi is saying that his fellow Indians should have social reforms that don’t rely on the British leaving, known as his â€Å"constructive program† (106), but that rely on reforming the self. He said that as a reply to his fellow Indians that challenged him that those social reforms could only be obtained after Britain had left. The social reforms were the major concentration that Gandhi was focusing on. He felt that it would not just work to attack the politics or the economy of India to gain its independence, but to attack the society as a whole. This attack was known as a reform in which everyone was to have a commitment to the uplift of others and to change society where power comes fro m. He is also saying that when he mentions â€Å"laws† he is referring to â€Å"the legislators† and how they take it upon themselves to rule the people instead of just representing them. It is easy for people with power to abuse it and such that is why the real power must remain with the people. Gandhi had to exemplify this point for his people to become free from Britain which ruled them. It was easy though for Britain to gain that kind of power over India because it used â€Å"fear of the government, legislators, law-courts, [and] armies† to rule them. However, Gandhi said that all of that power would be lost when Indians reformed themselves to know that freedom comes not from the government, but from within. Lastly, I will cover why Gandhi says that â€Å"warfare may give us another rule for the English rule, but not self-rule. Gandhi is in essence saying that resulting to violence will not give them the independence (swaraj) that they want, but another ruler like Great Britain. He has been promoting â€Å"swaraj† but notes that â€Å"the pilgrimage to swaraj is a painful climb†. The reason it is such a hard climb is because it involves a national education and an awakening of national consciousness throughout all of India that violence is not the answer and â€Å"swaraj† would only be obtained through non-violence. He gives the example of a â€Å"multi-headed monster† and how when violence is used it cuts off a head but then another shows up. Gandhi uses that example to show how the English, if not Western ideals, would not stop coming into and ruling over India if violence were used. He acknowledges that a revolution of India is on the way but that canâ⠂¬â„¢t happen if India is still being ruled by the English and not themselves. All of this reasoning from Gandhi about non-violence is coming from his reply to questions that he was asked that argued the contradictory of his view. That contradiction was that â€Å"if it is proved that by killing a few hundred, †¦can [we] put a stop to the degeneration of 33 million†? That is a strong point that was made which has been used time and time again throughout history but Gandhi objected it. He says that it is not encompassing the highest good of mankind like that of â€Å"swaraj† does. The good that it would do for India would be only temporary and not permanent like that of non-violence would do. Gandhi also claimed that the responsibility of the present state, encompassing the English rule, the need for â€Å"swaraj,† and the need for non-violence, of India was more theirs â€Å"than that of the English†. He was saying that there is little to no more â€Å"evil† that the English can do to India if all that India gives is â€Å"good.† Morals are what Gandhi revolves his whole reasoning around, for he is not just trying to change a small part of a society but flip the whole thing. India had been oppressed by Great Britain for such a long time that its society had become unaware of where its power really lay. In that respect, India was to blame and not Great Britain. To conclude, this essay covered the questions of: Why does Gandhi think nations need to rule themselves with that â€Å"swaraj† is necessary for a society to completely change and become independent of any other power. What does he mean when he suggests â€Å"external freedom will always be the means of measuring the freedom of the self within. Hence we often find the laws that are made to grant us freedom often turn out to be the shackles binding us† with that social reforms are necessary and change from within the person is essential for their freedom. And, why does he say that â€Å"warfare may give us another rule for the English rule, but not self-rule† with that violence would only put them back to where they started but that non-violence is the answer to everything.

Tourism Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tourism Planning - Essay Example otes, it must be noted that nowhere within this description of how tourism development planning should take place is there referenced a discussion of the fact that the economic trends within the market are not guaranteed to continue to exist perennially (Scutariu, 2012). In short, any individual with a working knowledge of how the economy operates notes that key factors within the global market can increase or decrease the level of profitability that a given sector might be able to enjoy in any given year (Razzaq et al., 2012). Circumstantial evidence of this can of course be presented with regards to the way in which many individuals within the natural gas producing nations around the globe state the future of their nations and economic wealth that they might hope to effect within the immediate future upon the belief that all market conditions will remain constant (Gracan et al., 2010). However, beginning around the year 2004, it was noted that global natural gas reserves were in fa ct much larger than anticipated and the price premiums that had been paid for this natural gas plummeted (RUSE? et al., 2012). Although it may seem as something of a stretch to compare the way in which the natural gas market change in the way in which the tourism industry may change, it is nonetheless a salient point to consider the fact that the economic trends within the global market do not allow anyone industry to expect a period of sustained economic growth with no threats which might undercut this potential growth in the future (OGARLACI & POPA, 2012). By comparison, the statement of the fact that tourism planning only involves deciding what to build and where represents a great deal of strength and for Rhapsody as well. For instance, the PESETL analysis, and economic analysis that... From the previous analysis, it can and should be definitively noted that the greatest portion of decision-making ability and skill that the tourism planner must have is truly contingent upon the need of deciding what building where. However, with that being said, it is also a fundamentally important for the tourism planner to understand each of the attributed means by which this decision is impacted. Although the analysis has been thorough in anticipating and briefly discussing each of these, the truth of the matter is that there is, in fact, a great litany of other mechanisms through which the tourism planner must engage in order to make a well-informed and accurate decision (Borma, 2012). Without question, the role of the tourism planner is a stressful one due to the fact that multiple millions of dollars can be tied up in a single development, the necessity of making a well-informed and pertinent decision is paramount. With all that being said, it must be understood that a thought ful process must be engaged in order to make any other changes referenced within this brief analysis. If a nuanced and definitive process is engaged but is cognizant of the analysis, as well as many of the other decisions and choices that of the reference, it is likely that the decision of what to build and where can more effectively and appreciably be accomplished. However, if an individual PESTEL tourism planner merely seeks to engage a decision based upon simple determinants, the result will almost invariably be a disaster.

Henry V Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Henry V - Essay Example â€Å"Henry V† grossed 10 million dollars in the United States. Branagh was nominated for Oscar for Best Director and Best Actor in a Leading Role; Phyllis Dalton won the British Academy Award and Oscar for Best Costume Design. The soundtrack to the movie by Patrick Doyle is noteworthy; it is became known on its own. The film also received other awards such as European Film Awards and awards from the National Board of Review and the New York Film Critics Circle. The movie tells the story of the young King of England Henry V. He, being stirred by high church officials and advisors is contemplating to start a war with France on the ground of claims for the throne of France. At the time when the King is talked into the war, he is also insulted by the King of France. French think of Henry as of a young boy they have no reasons to be afraid of, so the Dauphine of France sends him tennis balls as a royal gift. King Henry seizes the opportunity for a war as a chance to change his ima ge and to live up to expectations of his people, so he leads his troops into battles against France. He has to deal with treason, lack of supply and exhaustion of his soldiers, their morale lowering. He is a good commander of his army, loved by his soldiers, firm and cruel with those, who break the law and noble in his interactions with French. He also has to face his own uncertainties and find strength in communion with God. The culmination of the war is the Battle of Agincourt, won by handful of English man compared to the large French army. Then, the treaty is signed between England and French, and King Henry woos princes Katherine into marriage. â€Å"Henry V† is considered to be one of the most historically accurate movies ever filmed. However, there are a few inconsistencies. The source of historical information for Shakespeare’s play was the â€Å"Chronicles† of English history written by Raphael Holinshed. But, to create a dramatic and intriguing story, authors had to take liberty and change some of the details, albeit, not significant. The events, portrayed in the movie, took place in 1415. The film presents accounts of only a portion of a long lasting unresolved conflict between France and England, known as the Hundred Years’ War. The beginnings, origins and causes of the dispute were very complex, but the reason for an open conflict was the argument over the rich and beautiful French territory of Gascony. According to the play and the movie, the immediate cause of the war was Henry’s claim to the French throne. However, the claim to the French throne was made earlier than that. The French king Philip VI made an unsuccessful attempt to retake Gascony, but the defeat of the Scottish uprising in the battle of Halidon Hill literally crossed out all his plans. Embarrassed and humiliated, he decided to eliminate all English influence from the territory of France. After scouting English settlements on the English Channel, he gathered enough courage to challenge English authority. In retaliation, King Edward claimed that he was de facto the legitimate heir to the throne of France. Phillip, of course, was furious by this proud claim and formally declared war to England. So Henry V was not the one who made the allegation to the French throne; he only continued the demand of his ancestor, Edward, which began the war in the first place. Also, the movie shows the two nations supposedly living in peace with