Meeting Organizational Goals

Effective leadership unites and inspires individuals to use their knowledge, creativity, and skill to excel at meeting organizational goals. Institutional Effectiveness may be defined as the ongoing quest for quality and the demonstration of how well an institution is fulfilling its mission and realizing its vision. The institution may appreciate quality and effectiveness by employing a comprehensive system of planning and evaluation in the major aspects of the organization. It provides documentation of planning, assessment, and the use of results in decision-making. That's why institutional effectiveness is a leadership tool that intends to strengthen the quality of services, to produce a continuous cycle of improvement inside an organization and to monitor its effectiveness in achieving its mission and purposes. Accordingly, the institution collects and analyzes relevant data and uses this information in the institutional planning process as a basis for sustaining quality and self-improvement. There is no one best way to assess institutional effectiveness, no certain formula described, that an institution must use for measuring or demonstrating its effectiveness, as â€Å"assessment efforts† vary among â€Å"different types of institutions† and â€Å"among institutions of the same type† (NEASC Policy Statement on Institutional Effectiveness, 1992). Successful assessment efforts depends on the institution's mission and its available resources. Every institution should have an Effectiveness Office having the task to coordinate and support evaluation activities and being involved with the development and implementation of a broad-based system consisting of integrated institutional effectiveness activities: coordinating the on-going strategic planning process – including the â€Å"establishment of priorities and implementation of action plans†, monitoring the â€Å"development and progress of the strategic plan†, â€Å"overseeing the generation of data, and reports for institutional research purposes† to improve planning and decision-making, to review and provide feedback on assessment plans and reports, overseeing the coordination and conducting of organization assessments and program reviews in ways that will â€Å"continuously improve the quality of services†. (Office of Institutional Planning, Research and Evaluation, New York). All these activities are undertaken for the purpose of continuous program improvement and to insure institutional effectiveness. The strategic plan, which is another leadership tool, can be defined as an â€Å"answer to the question: How will the organization accomplish its goals? † (MAP for Nonprofits, St. Paul, MN) Strategic planning involves environmental scanning for external trends. It includes a variety of internal and external assessment activities, like: annual review of institutional vision and mission statements, review of the implementation report on the prior year's operational plan and of other internal effectiveness indicators, assessment of progress in addressing recommendations resulting from strategic planning activities during previous years. The purpose of strategic planning is encouraging thinking about organization's broad goals and priorities, and how well they are being achieved. The modern approach emphasizes â€Å"strategic thinking† or â€Å"strategic management†. It regularly scans the organization's external environment for significant changes, trying to understand the implications of these for programs, organization structures, staffing, etc. It is known that board policies or program priorities might change because of the planning process, but usually there is no slavish adherence to a plan, the document existing only as a guideline and changing as the world changes. Some of them though are never implemented, proving to be useless, because organizations are always faced with fast changing and difficult to predict environments. Some say that inside an institution there could be no official strategic plan document, as in this complex and rapidly changing world there should only be the process of â€Å"thinking strategically†.

Situation Analysis/Target Market Identification Report for Ford Falcon Ute

10850 Marketing 100 Sem 1 2013 SA/TM ID Report Cover Sheet Name______adf_____Sally Student____________sfaf_______________ Student Number___012545654__ 12345678_______________________sf_________ Tutor’s Name__sfaf_____ Tina Tutor _____________fasdfdf________ Tutorial Day________Wednesday_______adfdf___________________________ Tutorial Time:______10am – 11. 0am_______________________asdfdsf____ Student Comments to Lecturer/Tutor (if any)________adff_____________________ _________________________________________________________________ ____________________________adfsdfsadf_____________________________________ Please read the following and electronically sign where indicated: Declaration: I declare the attached assignment is my own work and has not been previously submitted for assessment. This work complies with Curtin university rules concerning plagiarism and copyright. (Refer to www. policies. curtin. edu. u/documents/unit_outlines-plagiarism_state. doc for copyright a nd plagiarism information. I have retained a copy of this assignment for my own records. Electronic Signature of student:____adfsdf__Sally Student_______asdfsdfsdf_________ Recorded Mark:____________________________________________________ Lecturer/Tutor who marked: __________________________________________ CRICOS (Perth – 00301J) (Sydney – 02637B) TABLE OF CONTENTS Situation Analysis/Target Market Identification Report for Ford Falcon Ute. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1. Situation Analysis/Current Marketing Mix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 Current Product †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Current Price†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Current Place†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Current Promotion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 2. 0 Segmentation Theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 3. 0 4. 0 Define segmentation (using more than just the textbook’s definition) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Explain segmentation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Three benefits to Ford Falcon Ute from using segmentation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Target Market Characteristics/Images/Rationale Table†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Reference List†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Appendix Page 2 of 18 Situation Analysis/Target Market Identifi cation Report for Ford Falcon Ute. 1. 0 Situation Analysis/Current Marketing Mix . 1 Current Product Ford Falcon Utes (FFU) are eye-catching utility vehicles that are available in several bright colours. The facade of the vehicles is sleek and sporty with flashy rims which promises power and the back of the FFU is like a truck. The FFU is unique and will allow use for both work and play. The car would appeal to masculine audiences who find use in a utility vehicle. The distinctive aspect of the product is the ‘Ford’ emblem which is oval and dark blue with silver outline and inner ring with the brand ‘Ford’ in cursive font.The emblem is recognizable worldwide. The basic benefit that customers get when purchasing a FFU is transportation. But, the FFU offers more; the car serves as an icon and an Aussie bloke’s style accessory (McDowall 2012). Not only useful for work, the vehicle is multi-purpose as it allows them to be a romantic when it is fitted-out with an old mattress for star gazing (McDowall 2012). Also, the consumer may head to the beach with mates for some fun and throw a ‘barbie’ with some beer and prawns in the back (McDowall 2012).The extra services that customers can get from the purchase of this vehicle are excellent long-term customer service and dealer warranty services for the car. Customers may also visit the website to understand the company and the vehicle more. In addition to that, extra accessories for the FFU are available for customers to purchase. For example, car insurance, GPS, rubber floor mats, tow bars, mudspats and many more (Ford 2012). Customers may also be gifted with Ford merchandises for example, caps, umbrellas, key chains or mugs when they purchase the vehicle. The FFU comes in many makes and models.There six different models of the FFU that customers can choose from. Customers can choose between auto or manual transmissions, and customize down to what colour and trimming to pref erence and specification. Being able to customize and personalize the FFUs is a big selling point for customers, as they will feel that their vehicle is unique and one of a kind. Potential buyers will spend a significant amount of time looking for the product as it is a big investment. They will begin with information search, consulting relatives and friends, salespersons, do online research and read testimonial from real customers on forums and blogs.If customers cannot find the FFU, or if the wait is too long for the vehicle to be delivered, they might accept a substitute. There are many competitors with similar products in the market, for example the Holden Ute, Nissan Ute, Mazda Ute and many more. On the other hand, when a customer has had their heart set on a product which they had spent so much time researching on, they might prefer to wait, especially since it would be a significant investment. The FFU has been in the market since 1961 (Hammerton 2012). Ford produces all type s of vehicles which range from cars, sports utility vehicles, commercial and performance.The FFUs are known to be fast, reliable and durable. The FFU is different to competitors because of the stylish design and the reputable brand name that has been in the market for more than 50 years. Page 3 of 18 1. 2 Current Price The FFU exists in a monopolistic competitive environment. It is the market where lots of sellers exists to offer similar products and sellers have to differentiate themselves using branding, quality and features of the product (Martin 2012). Sellers also use prices to differentiate themselves from the competitor. Price makes an impact to the demand of vehicles as the FFU cost a significant amount.If a FFU costs A$40,000 and if the price of the FFU decreases by 10%, it will be a discount of A$4,000, which makes it a very good deal where demand will most likely increase. On the other hand, if the price of the FFU increases by 10% it will mean that buyers will now have t o pay A$44,000 for exactly the same vehicle, then demand will most likely decrease. Customers will begin searching for another option with better value to purchase as there are many similar vehicles in the market. The business costs are very important when determining the price of the FFU.This is because every cost that is going into the production, advertising and distribution of the car is passed on to the customers. Sellers will have to search for the most effective and efficient option of producing the vehicle parts, and assembling the cars. Some of the sellers’ decisions which will affect the prices of the vehicles are, costs of having the vehicles assembled in countries the vehicles are sold at compared to the shipping costs of assembled vehicles to be sold internationally. Shipping costs are expenses that must be considered when setting the price of the FFU.Labour costs play a significant part as the vehicle has to be produced from raw material up until to the sale of the product. Some considerations to reduce the costs may be to employ intermediary agents to assist with other operations that may require some specialty expert knowledge. The price of the FFU is in the middle range amongst its competitors. Current price of a basic FFU compare to competitors are as listed in the table below; Ford Falcon Ute Holden Ute Mazda Ute Volkswagen Ute From $41,595 (www. ford. com. au) From $38, 990 (www. holden. com. au) From $28,560 (www. mazda. com. au) From $43,990 (www. volkswagen-amarok. om. au) Buyers of the FFU will base purchase on the image of the product (please refer to section 3 for a detailed explanation of the target market). The buyers are looking for a product that is distinctive and unique and a durable vehicle. The vehicle will be used to travel extensively on an everyday basis for both work and leisure. Hence, the vehicle buyers choose to purchase will have to be able to withstand the weather, terrains, and wear. Price is not so much an is sue, however when compared alongside other similar vehicles (as started in the table above), the FFU seems to be selling on the more pricey side.Therefore, if the buyers are budget sensitive, they may decide to weigh in other brands and test-drive the other brands of Utes that are more budget friendly. Page 4 of 18 1. 3 Current Place The FFU uses intermediaries in their business. The use of intermediaries in businesses ensures the effectiveness and efficiency on how the business is run. It also reduces costs and increases competency of a business. Therefore, customers are not able to buy the product directly from the Ford factory. There are many places aside the factory that customers can purchase FFU from.Ford is an international brand and the company strives to ensure that customers can find their products easily. Locations that customers can purchase the FFU are official dealerships, private sellers, franchised dealers and private car yards. The most obvious location customers ca n purchase the FFU is from a Ford dealership that is available worldwide. Customers may search on the Ford official site for a dealer location closest to them. The vehicles are also available for purchase from a licensed dealer for example, John Hughes, AHG and many more.Customers may also choose to purchase the FFU second hand from a third party; for example a previous owner (a private sale), a licenses private car yard, or even a franchised car dealer. Customers may search for car listing information in the classified section of the newspapers or on though the internet. Major newspapers like The West Australian and free communities newspapers like the Canning Times or Freemantel Gazette will have these listings and information similar to free online advertisement pages like www. carsales. com. au or www. gumtree. com. au and many more.The characteristic of the FFU that influences its distribution is the, size, rules and regulation of export countries, durability and demand. A vehi cle is a huge product to ship and transport internationally, hence as stated above in Section 1. 2 of the report, Ford may have partnerships in various locations to produce parts of the cars and have the parts shipped to be assembled in different locations to save costs. However, if the costs are too high and it is not viable to produce or ship a car in certain countries, then Ford might decide not to distribute to that particular country.Affecting distribution decisions are also the taxes and regulations of imported cars in certain countries. In Malaysia, the government aims to protect their local car brands and had imposed exorbitant tax prices on imported cars. In this instance, it may reduce Ford’s affluence in the Malaysian market and definitely reduce sales. Hence it is important for Ford to conduct extensive research and consider if distributing their products to certain countries will be profitable. A positive aspect of distribution of vehicles is that they have no us e by date. There is no shelf-life and a car is a machine that will still work after 6 months.The only downside is to consider the year the car was made as cars lose their value from the date it has been produced. The longer it has been sitting in the show room or the store, or has been driven (odometer has a reading) the least value the car has. Hence, Ford has to extrapolate and forecast the production and distribution amount. Similar to demand, Ford will have to conduct a market research and consider whether customers will use the FFU in their country, or region. For example in states like Western Australia, the need for Utes is high as there are plenty of off roads terrains and plenty of development and mining sites.On the other hand, the demand for Utes may differ significantly in Victoria where it is more developed and there is less need for a utility vehicle. Page 5 of 18 1. 4 Current Promotion The first promotional ad for the FFU was a television ad (available through this li nk: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=AUbgfWTptoU (YouTube 2000). The ad was aired on national television in the year 2000. It features the FFU racing a modified jet-look alike race car on a flat but rocky terrain. In the ad, as the FFU drive past the jet race-car, the passenger of the FFU made a cheeky remark, â€Å"must be stuck in third†.Then driver decides to accelerate, and the FFU speeds ahead of the jet race-car leaving the jet race-car driver with an amazed look on his face. Then there is a voiceover, mentioning â€Å"The XR8 Falcon Ute, It’s Unbelievable† and the ad moves to the next screen which shows steel bars coming together with the words, ‘Built Tough’ and the Ford logo in the middle of the screen. The next ad, is one of the few from a series of ad. It is a series of ad using the humour appeal which is found on the myFord website (myFord 2012) (refer to appendix for the ad). The ad shows a FFU parked at the top of a cliff, overlooking the beautiful scenery at sunset.A lady sits by the car with her picnic mat and basket and her partner is in the car. They are watching the sunset together, while holding hands (with his hand out of the window and she reaching out for him on the mat from the grass). The caption at the bottom of the ad is â€Å"You’ll never want to get out of the all new Falcon Ute†. Other series of these ads include a guy barbequing from the window of his car on the beach, a couple getting married in a garden with the bride holding the groom’s hand from the car and a lady sun bathing at the beach while the only visible thing about her partner’s hand, holding a bottle of beer from the car window.The TV ad and the website ad are not sending the same message. This could be because these ads are for a slightly different product; they are for the ‘upgraded’ versions of the originals. Hence, Ford wants to send a different message to the buyers that they have identi fied as their target audience and their needs at that particular point in time. For the TV ad, the general message of the TV ad is that the FFU is built for speed and for the web ad, is that the FFU is built for comfort. The theme in the first ad is comparison and demonstration while the theme for the second ad is humor.For the first ad, the business is trying to rule out any misconception of a utility vehicle being slow. Hence, they compared the FFU to a speed of jet race car, and showing (but not exactly proving) that the FFU in fact can be faster than a jet race car. For the web ad, the Ford used humor to show how the FFU, being a utility vehicle can be used on all terrains (mountain, beach, garden) and at the same time it is still very comfortable (that the driver will not want to leave the car for any reasons).At a glance, the messages and the themes of the ads are different but there exists an inherent common goal for both the ad, which is, â€Å"it is built tough, spacious, just for male young adults who like fast, durable, comfortable cars. † Ford wants to attract the masculine audience that has a need for utility vehicles. Ford focuses on promoting to the audience that they do not need to compromise utility for speed and style. The fact that the vehicle is so versatile is a plus point. Page 6 of 18 2. Segmentation Theory 2. 1 Define segmentation (using more than just the textbook’s definition) According to Lamb et al. (2009, 29) segmentation is when marketers diversify their products to attract different groups of customers. Elliott, Rundle-Thiele and Waller (2010, 188) states that the group characteristics that customers are divided into are called segmentation variables. These segment variables include things customers have in common that may be attributed towards their buying behaviours.This segmentation variable influences the decisions for the Ford and how they position and place their product in the market. There are four broad seg ment variables; these are Geographic, Demographic, Psychographic and Behavioural (Kotler et al. 2008, 229). Geographic segmentations are customers’ characteristics of the locations they live; like, climate, local population, topography and if is an urban, suburban or a rural 2. 2 Explain segmentation For example, for the purpose of this assignment the FFU marketers will target customers living in Western Australia.The demographic characteristics are the customers’ age, sex, ethnicity, income and household composition. The FFU will be targeted towards males that are approximately age 26 to 37. The psychographic segmentation characteristics include personality attributes and motives, lifestyles, their VALS characteristics and their Roy Morgan values. FFU will focus their efforts on advertising a segment that will be most lucrative which will be young male adults who have an active lifestyle and that requires a durable vehicle for work and leisure.The behavioural characte ristics includes how often customers purchase, how loyal they are to the brand and others. 2. 3 Three benefits to Ford Falcon Ute from using segmentation †¢ Targeted, effective advertising – The Ford marketers can create advertising campaigns that are focused and targeted towards the segments in the market that they want to sell to. Targeted advertising is effective as potential buyer will find the message of the advertising relevant to them. For example, if the ad were to show a 60 year old man as the spokesperson for a Ute the ad may be ineffective. Save money on advertising – If Ford produced which is targeted to appeal to a particular segment; they can also set the image of the product. This will also increase efficiency as there will be less wastage of valuable time, effort and advertising funds. It is better to produce one ad that is focused where the target audiences will understand and be able to relate to rather than 10 ads that have little relevance to t he market and will more likely cause confusion. †¢ Easier to monitor changes in a segment than a whole market – If Ford place a team to focus on the arget market of the FFU, they will be able to foresee and predict to market changes that are specific to the segments. The car industry and the society’s choices are deeply impacted by both macro-environmental and micro-environmental forces. For example, if the targeted market is expected to be impacted by the bad economic conditions to come and sales of the FFU is predicted to fall, FFU can react to it in a timely manner by producing budget versions of the FFU to attract the segment during the bad times. Page 7 of 18 3. 0 Target Market Characteristics/Images/Rationale TableColumn 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 1 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures b elow)v 3. 2. 1 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1. 3. 3. 1 G E O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics Country: The Target Market has to be located in the country where the unit is being taken. Hence, the Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in Australia.Explanation of why According to MUARC, TAC, VicRoads and RACV*, when choosing large cars, Australians like Ford as they are perceived to having the have the safest large cars (Michelle Ainsworth 2011). The Australian flag in the shape of the Australian continent represents the geographic location of the Target Market. * MUARC – Monash University Accident Research Centre, TAC – Transport Accident Commission, RAVC – Royal Automobile Club of Victoria. SPECIFIC Characteristics Climate: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in places that experience all types of climatic conditions.Explanation of why The Target Market wil l find the Ute reliable in all types of harsh weather. As mentioned in the Australian Bureau of Statistics, â€Å"Australia experiences many of nature’s more extreme phenomena; including droughts, floods, tropical cyclones, severe storms, bushfires, and the occasional tornado† (ABS 2009). The image depicts that Australia goes through a four season weather change. Page 8 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Topography: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is located in Western Australia Explanation of why Western Australia is mostly made up of the deserts and outback.As quoted from the Australia Bureau of Statistics, â€Å"Australia is the second driest continent in the world and has the largest desert region in the southern hemisphere. More than a third of the continent is effectively desert; over two thirds of the continent is classified as arid or semi-arid. † The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute will find it particularly suitable on the rough terrain. SPE CIFIC Characteristics Urban: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute lives in or near major metropolitan centers. Explanation of why There is easy access to services, food, entertainment and provides many choices when it comes to buying a vehicle.The convenience factor of living near the city is worth paying more for which may be an indicator that the Target Market would be willing to pay a premium price. The Pinnacles desert is a popular symbol of Western Australia. G E O G R A P H I C This picture of the Central Business District depicts that the targeted segment lives in the vicinity of the city. Page 9 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 2 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. . 2 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1 . 3. 3. 2 SPECIFIC Characteristics Sex and Age: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is a male between 21 and 35 years old. D E M O G R A P H I C The image portrays a male in his late 20s’ enjoying a beer, ready to have fun. Explanation of why The target market has a full driver’s license and likes driving big cars with ‘power’. He is energetic and always on the move, therefore a vehicle that is tough, powerful and dependable like the Ford Falcon Ute will suit his needs.SPECIFIC Characteristics Job: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a blue collar job. Explanation of why He loves what he does as it allows him flexibility and he is not a ‘rules kind-ofguy’. He is spontaneous and hates routine. He likes the Ute as it enables him to transport his work supplies and still look good. This picture shows a guy happy with his job as a blue collar worker/tradie. Page 10 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Household composition: The Target Mar ket for the Ford Falcon Ute is a young adult who is most likely in stage 1, young singles (bachelorhood) of the Family Life Cycle.Explanation of why He has just gained his financial independence, has no commitments and has all his disposable income to spend. Now, he is in control and he can make his own decisions on what to purchase. He chooses the Ute, because it makes him look good to the ladies. The picture demonstrates the target market’s family life cycle stage. Being an eligible bachelor, he is very popular among the ladies. D E M O G R A P H I C ME! SPECIFIC Characteristics Income: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute makes a sizeable salary between $75K and $100K per year and spends it all.Explanation of why He has no financial commitments and does not have a reason to save, yet. He purchases the Ute, which symbolizes his masculinity and spending power. Financial independence accompanies the bachelorhood stage. The picture shows that he has his own sizable income now. Page 11 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your assigned brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 3 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. 2. Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. 1. 3. 3. 3 P S Y C H O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics VALS: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute belongs to the VALS Group – Experiencers (The VALS Types 2006) Explanation of why He is motivated by self-expression and has a lot of energy; he loves trying new things and goes by the motto ‘No Fear’. The Ute is best suited for his lifestyle as it brings him to places no other cars can reach (rough terrains, mountains, sand)The picture portrays him and a buddy skydiving in the Avon Valley, Western Australia. SPECIFIC Characteristics Personality Attributes: The Target M arket for the Ford Falcon Ute loves hanging out with his mates and is socially aware. Explanation of why He has moved out of home and no longer has a curfew to abide by. He also does not need to rely on public transports or a taxi cabs to get him home after his weekly partying escapades. He owns his own car now, and he frequently offers his friends a ride on his Ute. He is proud to show it off and loves receiving compliments on his car.As depicted in the picture, he places importance in his social circles. He enjoys dinners, drinking and entertainment with his friends. He uses the Ute to take his friends home, when he is the designated driver. Page 12 of 18 P S Y C H O G R A P H I C SPECIFIC Characteristics Roy Morgan Value Segments: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is in the ‘new and different’ segment. Their attraction to things which are new and innovative usually means that they are the first to adopt on new products and services, often just for the excitem ent of having a new toy – regardless of the cost. Roy Morgan Research 2012) Explanation of why The target market likes the Ford Falcon Ute because it is new to the market and boasts advance technology. It has the EcoLPi, Bluetooth mobile phone integration, and iPod integration (Ford 2012). As shown in the picture, the Ford Falcon target market is attracted to innovative products and new toys. SPECIFIC Characteristics Lifestyle: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a typical laid-back Australian lifestyle. Explanation of why What better way to transport ingredients for a good old ‘barbie’ and a slab of beer than in his Ute?Like all Aussie blokes, he LOVES his ‘barbie’ and hanging with his mates on a warm summers’ day, particularly when there is beer involved. The picture shows a typical Aussie barbeque menu: steaks and chicken wings. Missing in the picture is a can of beer. Page 13 of 18 Column 3. 1: SPECIFIC Characteristics of your as signed brand’s primary target market AND explanation of why they are relevant to your product. 3. 1. 4 Column 3. 2: Image that illustrates characteristic given in Column 3. 1 (Insert pictures below)v 3. 2. 4 Column 3. 3: Explain how the image provided in Column 3. 2 illustrates the characteristic provided in Column 3. . 3. 3. 4 SPECIFIC Characteristics Loyalty: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute is not brand loyal. B E H A V I O R A L The image depicts that the target market for the Ford Falcon Ute is not brand loyal. Explanation of why Being an Experiencer (The VALS Types 2006), he prefers new-to-the market and new technology than to limit himself to particular brands. He likes trying new brands and new things. He purchased the Ford Ute as some of his mates already own the Holden Ute. SPECIFIC Characteristics Benefit expectation: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute values the benefits of status, usability and low maintenance.Explanation of why The benefits sough t in the Ute are serving as symbols of his masculinity and status as well as transporting his work supplies. He needs for the vehicle to be durable and dependable. The picture shows how the target views himself. Customers purchase products consistent to their ideal self-image. The Ute is an extension of the symbol of his masculinity. Page 14 of 18 SPECIFIC Characteristics Price sensitivity: The target market is not worried about the price tags on his purchases. He feels that spending big bucks in exchange for style is worth it. B E H A V I O U R A LExplanation of why He prefers to spend on things that are classy and up market. He likes the Ford Falcon Ute because it looks stylish, even if it means spending more compared to the Holden Ute. This is a picture of the target market’s bachelor pad. He has a race car simulator with 3 flat screens, high end gym equipment and an elevated flat screen LED TV in the entertainment corner of his apartment. SPECIFIC Characteristics Volume u sage: The Target Market for the Ford Falcon Ute has a high usage rate. Explanation of why The picture depicts that the usage rate of the Ute will be high.The Ute will be used to transport work supplies, fetch his mates to AFL games and drive through road-less terrains. The image depicts a dirty car which is used frequently. The target market possibly went off road for a job yesterday. Page 15 of 18 4. 0 Reference List ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics). 2006. Australian Deserts. Cat. no. 3101. 0. Canberra, A. C. T. : ABS. http://www. abs. gov. au/AUSSTATS/[email  protected] nsf/Lookup/1301. 0Feature+Article12006 ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics). 2009. The exceptional heatwave of January –February 2009 in south-eastern Australia.Cat. no. 3101. 0. Canberra, A. C. T. : ABS. http://www. abs. gov. au/AUSSTATS/[email  protected] nsf/Lookup/1301. 0Chapter1012009%E2% 80%9310 Ainsworth, Michelle. 2011. The Herald Sun: MUARC, TAC, VicRoads, RACV reveal Australia's safest us ed cars. Accessed July 28, http://www. heraldsun. com. au/news/muarc-tacvicroads-racv-reveal-reveal-australias-safest-used-cars/story-e6frf7jo-1226102225219 Carsales. 2012. Accessed March 12, www. carsales. com. au Elliott, Greg, Sharyn Rundle-Thiele, and David Waller. 2010. Marketing. 2nd ed. Milton, Queensland: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.Ford Falcon XR8 Ute Advertisement. 2000. YouTube video, 0. 28. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=AUbgfWTptoU Ford Feel the Difference. 2012. Ford. Accessed March 12, http://www. ford. com. au/servlet/Satellite? c=DFYPage=1248884753526=wrapper ite=FOA#overlay=1248916613837 Ford. 2012. Accessed March 10, www. ford. com. au Ford: Ford Falcon Ute Accessories. Ford. 2012. Accessed January 12, http://www. ford. com. au/commercial/falcon-ute/accessories/exterior Gumtree. 2012. Accessed March 12, www. gumtree. com. au Hammerton, Ron. 2012. Ford Falcon Ute goes five stars.Go Auto. http://www. goauto. com. au/mellor/mellor. nsf/story2/0B9A1FB567000AE1 CA257745 000048D7 Holden. 2012. Accessed March 10, www. holden. com. au Kotler, Adam and Denise Armstong. 2008. Principles of Marketing. 4th ed. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Peasons Education Australia. Lamb, Charles, Joseph Hair, Carl McDaniel, Jane Summers and Michael Gardiner 2009. Mktg. 1st Asia Pacific ed. China: Cengage Learning Australia Pty Limited. Page 16 of 18 Martin, Cathy. 2012. â€Å"Lecture 5: Chapter 6 Markets Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning. † PowerPoint lecture notes.

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How Alex Fuhrman Has Filed a Case against Frederick, Hibbs, and Uvex Corporation - Article Example After a period of five years of Alex being in service, the corporation went public. The company built a state-of-the-art facility for cancer treatment. San Rafael was highly capitalized with highly sophisticated radiation therapy equipment. San Rafael was the best-known center due to its best services in treatment of cancer. San Rafael received research donations from generous patience, business parties, and even the public. The research group consisted of key leading scientists with doctorate degrees in biochemistry. Alex was made the administrative head of the cancer research and treatment department. In order to replace Alex a new accountant and financial manager, Christopher Hibbs was hired in West coast division. Hibbs had worked Sacramento city as a bookkeeper. He had a very good recommendation letter from his former employer and Fredrick recommended that Hibbs should be hired as a financial accountant of Uven. Hibbs wanted to make new changes in his management different from those made by Alex. He prepared and sent his financial report directly to the executive controller. Frederic found a memo from Alex stating that some funds were missing, this had happened when Alex was the financial controller. A meeting was organized whereby Alex overreacted and did not finalize into reconciliation with Hibbs. Alex filled a lawsuit. There is the lack of communication between Alex and Hibbs and that has gone to the extent where Alex has filed a case against the company, Frederick, and Hibbs. Alex thinks that Memo from Hibbs as slanderous. He is an administrator and thus he was supposed to handle this case with patience but not being emotionally uncontrollable. Because of good communication, Frederick and the executive controller did not mind asking further questions on Hibbs competence before giving him the job.  

Pain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Art Exhibit on Nature Essay Example for Free

Art Exhibit on Nature Essay The planet earth is the only known habitat for humankind. For millions of years, it served as the home to numerous living things such as animals, plants and people. More so, it has been a witness to many events that have shaped the course of world history. Because of this, it is suffice to say that our beloved Mother Earth has played a vital role in nourishing and sustaining the existence of humans. In return for all the benefits and nourishment that Mother Earth has provided to humans, human beings have showed their gratitude by expressing their appreciation and admiration for the beauty and splendor of nature. For centuries, human beings have captured the magnificence of the diversity and uniqueness of the environment which was shown using various art forms such as painting, sculptures, photography, architecture and many others. In line with this, throughout history, several art movements have emerged. There were the Classical, Renaissance, Baroque, Modernism and many others. The dominant and styles and themes differed in these art periods. However, there was one theme that has remained constant until the present day. This is known as landscape or nature art. This form of art is defined as the illustration of mountains, flora and fauna, bodies of water and the sky. More so, it is a celebration of the majestic beauty of nature. This trend in the art world has continued to persist throughout the ages. Aside from this, it has also evolved in terms of styles and techniques. Every part of the globe has developed their own approach on how to translate the beauty of nature into a canvas. Because of the variety in culture and tradition, nature and landscape artworks have surfaced as distinctive copies of the wonders of the environment. With this, nature had become a worldwide art phenomenon and these artworks have made nature a timeless masterpiece that will be forever treasured and recognized. On the other hand, due to changing times, the seemingly everlasting beauty of nature is apparently gradually diminishing. If before humans respected the significant role of Mother Earth in the cycle of life, nowadays, humans have abandoned their vital task of being the steward. Instead of taking care of the natural wonders of the world, humans have opted to obliterate it. This sudden change was caused by the desire to improve the ways of living of people. Initially, the intention may seem innocent and harmless but if one would look closely, traces of selfishness and greed can be uncovered. People wanted to advance the human race but at the expense of damaging the environment. Because of this, a drastic natural occurrence has been plaguing the contemporary society. This has claimed lives of many people and destroyed millions worth of properties. This phenomenon has been labeled as climate change or global warming. In the recent years, Mother Earth has been experiencing unusual changes such as the increase in temperature of the atmosphere, extinction of some animal and plant species, loss of land mass and many others. These alterations have posted an alarming threat to the existence of many living things. If humans would permit this condition to carry on, in time people would be left homeless and without any nourishment. To help intensify awareness on the present state of the environment, an art exhibit will be put up. This exhibit will showcase the nature artworks of American artist, Ansel Adams, French painter, Paul Cezanne, and a Japanese artisan named Hokusai. The objective of the exhibit is to help the viewers realize the importance and connection of nature with the existence of humans. More so, this nature-themed art exhibit will explore the various perceptions of artists on nature from different periods. It will demonstrate how people saw and appreciated the beauty of the environment during their respective eras. By incorporating artists from different continents such as North America, Europe and Asia, viewers will also be given a 360 degrees view of the world’s most beautiful places. Hopefully, after they have seen the exhibit, the viewers will have a new-found respect on the beauty and vigor of Mother Earth. Ansel Adams is an American photographer who has mastered the artistry of capturing wonderful shots of landscapes in scenic places strewn all over the United States. Aside from being an artist, he was also a dedicated environmentalist â€Å"who encouraged understanding of, and respect for, the natural environment. † Even though he initially got noticed as a noted photographer in commercial photography, he excelled in the field of landscape photography (Notablebiographies. com). The black and white landscape photographs have become Adams’ trademarks. Two of Adams most recognized photographs are the â€Å"The Tetons and Snake River, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming† and â€Å"‘Old Faithful’ geyser, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming† (TheHistoryPlace. com). Adams was commissioned to take these pictures for the National Park Service in 1941. The photographs were intended to be used to make the â€Å"photo mural for the Department of the Interior Building in Washington, DC. † The main theme was focused on showcasing nature â€Å"exemplified and protected in the U. S. National Parks† (U. S. National Archives and Records Administration). These two photographs have illustrated the grandiose and picturesque beauty of the mountain ranges and national parks in the US. Furthermore, he used his creativity to â€Å"preserve the wilderness and one of the first to promote photography as an art form† (TheHistoryPlace. com). Paul Cezanne is considered as one of the masters of post-Impressionism. He is also well-known for pioneering an avant-garde movement then called cubism in the late 1800s. Because of his quirkiness and modern styles, Cezanne was misunderstood by the people. But this did not discourage him to advance his creativity. He â€Å"grew out of Impressionism and eventually challenged all the conventional values of painting in the 19th century through its insistence on personal expression and on the integrity of the painting itself. † Through these innovations, he was recognized as the â€Å"father of modern painting† (Pioch). But before Cezanne ventured into cubism, he created several simple yet exquisite landscape paintings that â€Å"immortalized the Provencal countryside† in France. In his two paintings, â€Å"Etude: Paysage a Auvers† (Study: Landscape at Auvers) and â€Å"Jas de Buffan† (The Pool), Cezanne was able to depict nature as real as he can. These two oil paintings were generated in 1873 and 1876 respectively. For Cezanne, nature cannot be accurately duplicated in a canvas. He tried to link the natural and artistic worlds by showing his own perceptions about nature. In relation to this, most of his artworks are advised to be seen as a whole and not per part in order to fully appreciate their artistic essence (Pioch). Hokusai is a famous Japanese painter. Compared to the previous artists, his choice of material for painting is unconventional. Hokusai used wood as his canvas to celebrate the beauty of nature. A native of Edo, which is now called Tokyo, Hokusai is regarded as â€Å"one of the outstanding figures of the Ukiyo-e or pictures of the floating world (everyday life), school of printmaking† (Pioch). In the â€Å"The Breaking Wave Off Kanagawa or The Great Wave,† Hokusai illustrated the splendor of the sea. Since Japan is surrounded by water, this painting has become the quintessential representation of Japanese aesthetics. This seascape painting with a Japanese natural landmark, Mt. Fuji, had represented the Asian geography. More so, it showed the combination of western and eastern influences with regards to art production. Moreover, this particular Japanese art have preserved its authenticity and oriental aesthetic by â€Å"flattening the texture and using color surfaces as an element. † On the other hand, this painting also showed how nature can be so powerful which was expressed on the giant which was on the verge of devouring the people aboard the two boasts (Andreas. com). Works Cited â€Å"ANSEL ADAMS Biography. † 2007. Notablebiographies. com. 12 December 2008 http://www. notablebiographies. com/A-An/Adams-Ansel. html. â€Å"Ansel Adams Photograph. † n. d. U. S. National Archives and Records Administration. 12 December 2008 http://www. archives. gov/research/ansel-adams/. â€Å"Best of Ansel Adams. † 1999. TheHistoryPlace. com. 12 December 2008 http://www. historyplace. com/unitedstates/adams/. â€Å"Hokusai. † 2008. Andreas. com. 12 December 2008 http://www. andreas. com/hokusai. html. Pioch, Nicolas. â€Å"Cezanne, Paul. † 19 September 2002. Webmuseum, Paris. 12 December 2008 http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/cezanne/. Pioch, Nicolas. â€Å"Cezanne, Paul: Landscapes. † 19 September 2002. Webmuseum, Paris. 12 December 2008 http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/cezanne/land/. Pioch, Nicolas. â€Å"Hokusai, Katsushika. † 19 September 2002. Webmuseum, Paris. 12 December 2008 http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/hokusai/.

DQs and Summary Essay Example for Free

DQs and Summary Essay DQ 1: Differentiate between the scientific method and applied research. Which one is most often used in business? Provide an example of either that might be appropriate from your current or previous place of employment DQ 2: You are the manager of a hotel. There have been several complaints from guests relating to employee attitude. Provide a description of three different types of research that might be appropriate for this situation DQ 3: Why do some senior executives feel more comfortable relying with quantitative data than qualitative data? How might a qualitative research company lessen the senior-level executive Business Risk Management and Insurance DQ-1) Unfortunately, a quick scan of the business news will normally result in reports of unethical business behavior. To prove this point, lets start with a review of the news for stories about fraud and other unethical behavior in business. You can use the University Library to start your search. Once you have located an article share it with the class by developing a summary of the important information. Make sure that you give credit to your source. DQ-2) Go to Course Home and review the Course Project tab. Then download the Course Project template from Doc Sharing. In this graded discussion, we will be examining the operation of the Accounting Information System (AIS) with the use of problems and exercises from your textbook. The goal is to cover all of the requirements to ensure an opportunity for your successful completion of Course Project 1. Lets start with a review of the three requirements of Part A of the Course Project. Explain why it is important to analyze each financial transaction of a business and to report it in the Accounting Information System. You can have a ton of fun in college, but it also involves a lot of work. Stay focused on the end result: a diploma. There will be many roadblocks along the way, and how you choose to approach them is important. Use the tips you have seen here to make college work on your behalf. Business Risk Management and Insurance

Use of Honey as Medicine in Wound Healing: Analysis

Use of Honey as Medicine in Wound Healing: Analysis The aim of the assignment is to critique the research article, Standardised antibacterial honey (medihoney) with standard therapy in wound care: randomized clinical trial (2009) by Robson, Dodd Thomas. The tool used for this is Step by Step Guide to Critiquing Research by Ryan, Coughlan; Cronin (2007). Critique is an objective, critical, and balanced appraisal of a research reports various dimensions (Polit and Beck, 2004). The study was on the use of honey as medicine in wound healing. The research was done in the United Kingdom by a group of registered nurses and statistical masters. The study was completed in the year 2007 and was published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing (JAN). The study was based on the use of honey for wound dressing as an antibiotic and wound healing agent. Arguably, the article is well written as it is concise and it does not contain any languages that are characterised to any particular group and are grammatically correct. The layout of the study is good and are given in a good order and kept the academic style of writing. Research reports are like stories, a story should be written in a way which catches the attention of the reader, like as research report should have a readable style. The current researches writing style is good, and is well understandable. No personal views are expressed in the study. The writer had omitted personal pronouns to get an ease in the reading. Credibility variables concentrate on how believable the work appears and focus on the researchers qualification and ability to undertake and accurately present the study (Coughlan et al, 2007). The researchers were well qualified for the current study as their qualifications were stated in the article. Mostly nurses are eligible to do this type of study as they know the effect of dressing a wound. Statisticians also have a role in a research as there are so many calculations which were also included in the study. Methodology of a study is based on the credibility of the qualitative data and its subsequent findings (Polit Hunger, 1999) The title of the article gave an idea of the topic that and what the study is related to. The title is accurate and clear, too long or short titles can make the reader confusing (Coughlan et al, 2007). Too long or short titles can be confusing and misleading to the readers (Coughlan et al, 2007). In the study title is concise and is readable and has its reliability, the title is short too. The title is not more than 10- 15 words. Abstract is a brief description or an outline of the entire article. The abstract should give a clear idea about the research and should include information regarding the purpose of the study, method, sample size and selection which is given clearly in the current article(Coughlan et al, 2007), And from the abstract the reader should able to find out the overall idea about the study. They have also pointed out for further research on this topic with some recommendations. The present study has an agreeable abstract which conveys idea about the study which is simple, clear and interesting for the readers. The abstract is not too long and also explains about the method, sample size and the selection method. The abstract gave an over view of the topic. The abstract also opens an end to further researches. The introduction of the study will always be based on the research problem. Research problem is an enquiry which can be done through a disciplinary way (Polit and Beck, 2004). The purpose of a research highlights the overall sketch of main arguments and theory of the relevant research (Polit Hungler, 1999). In the current research the purpose of the study is stated clearly and an overall idea of the study is been included in the introduction of the research. The research problem is identified and clearly stated in the study. The research was carried out in a step by step process. The article has a flow and a have an ease in reading and all the links are clear. Critical summary of a topic which puts the topic or the research problem into a context is called as the literature review (Polit Beck, 2004). Literature review always points out to the previous studies of the current topic. The review should be logical and its critical analysis should be balanced (Cougllan et al, 2007). In the present study the literature review is clearly illustrated and it is logically presented. The literature review offers a critical analysis. The reviews are mostly facts which were proved by proceeds. A good literature review will always have a good introduction (Cougllan et al, 2007), which is followed in this by the writer. Frame work refers to the overall structure of a report which is based on a theory which was previously proved (Polit Hungler, 1999). Hypotheses are from a primary source and of an empirical nature. Theoretical frame work is what which is found confusing by a researcher. A theoretical frame work is been identified in ethics. The theoretical frame work has been clearly stated step by step clearly. A sound theoretical frame work also identifies the various concepts being studied and relationship between those concepts. The theory is true and the hypothesis is relevant for the study. Theoretical frame work tends to be better developing in experimental and quasi-experimental studies and often poorly developed or nonexistent in descriptive studies (Burns Grove, 1999). The purpose of the aims and objectives is to create a link between the initially stated purposes of the study or research problem (Coughlan et al, 2007). Aims and objectives are the observations or measurement that reflects on the physical reality which is interpreted by the individuals, and can be argued that even such observations may be open to subjectivity (Gerrish Lacey 2006). There is an aim for the study which is clearly stated in the abstract, introduction and also in the study. The hypothesis which is a statement or fact which can be tested or verified (Holloway Wheeler, 2002). The research questions and the hypothesis is clearly identified and stated in the study. The hypothesis and the research questions reflect on the literature review. The samples were chose with a great caution so as to minimise the errors. Samples are the selected units from a population, and sampling is the process of selecting appropriate people from a population for the research (Wood Haber, 1994). The samples were chosen randomly from a group and were informed about the research and the procedures and the effect of the current procedure. The sample which was chose for the study was appropriate as they were patients who were having wounds. The size of the sample was also adequate as a small sample will not help in an appropriate conclusion. The size of the sample is also important in quantitative research as small samples are at risk of being overly representative of small groups within the target population. There was no inclusion or exclusion for the study as they chose an appropriate sample with ethical consideration. The risk of sampling errors decrease as larger sample used (Coughlan et al, 2007). Autonomy infers that an individual has the right to freely decide to participate in a research study without fear of coercion and with the full knowledge of what is being investigated. Ethical committee or institutional review boards have to give approval before the research can be undertaken. There role is to determine the principles and to evaluate the validity of the research (Coughlan et al, 2007). There was ethical consideration for the data collection. All the participants of the study were fully informed about the research. All the participants were protected from all type of in case after effect, and were autonomous. Confidentiality of the subjects was censured by the researcher, and ensured the permission from an ethical committee. In a research study the researcher should ensure that the reader should understand what is meant by the terms and concepts which are used in the research. All the operational terms, theories and concepts in the current study has been clearly identified explained and illustrated in the study, and have given proper reference and citations for the rational and the explanations. The organisation, reduction and transformation of the data of a study in order for a review are called as data analysis (Holloway Wheeler, 2002). The methodology or the research design was clearly given to review the study. One of the main instruments in a study is methodology. The data gathering instruments of the methodology is cited in the study. The instrument used is appropriate as they could clearly get many results out of it. In the study 109 subjects participated in the research. The system of analysing the facts with the collected data from the research is called as data analysis (Polit Beck, 2004). Data analysis in quantitative research studies is often seen as a process which loses courage (Coughlan et al, 2007). Most of the data analysis is associated with complex language and statistical notations. The researcher should clearly identify what statistical tests were undertaken why these test was used and what were the results, which have been stated in the current article. In the current study analyse of the data is done in a better way. The strength and limitations of the study is also included in the study to revel the validity and reliability of the study. The discussion of a study should flow logically from the data and should be related to the literature review thus placing the study in context (Russell, 2002). In the discussion part of the research is linked back to the literature review. The discussion part contains the strength and limitations of the study which is referred to the previous study that are made on the same subjects. All the limitations are also generalizability discussed. The research also extends an open end for further research on different aspects of his study; other recommendations are also given to the current study. When doing a research or a research critique it is essential to quote the source of the information obtained, that should be included as in text or end text reference. In a research study the significance of the findings should be stated but these should be conceder within the overall strengths and limitations of the study (Polit Beck, 2006). The reference should help the writer to find the source as quickly as possible (Pears Shields). The copy of others idea is conceder as plagiarism which is serious offence. For the current study the researcher has used the Harvard referring system. The researcher has referred many books and research articles for his study and all the references have been quoted as in text and end text references. All the books referred for the study are appropriate as they are related to the subject or to the research vocabularies. The researcher was very much cautious about the plagiarism. Evaluating the research article with the critiquing tool by Michael Coughlan and team members it was found that the study is arguable with credibility and reliability. The writers have carefully used the strategies in doing a research. The research is readable and understanding by lay men. Holistic Nurse Prescribing: A Case Study Holistic Nurse Prescribing: A Case Study Introduction 1 the patient and their presenting symptoms. Mr Pickles presents an interesting, complex and therapeutically challenging problem. In essence he is a gentleman with multisystem pathology who presents with an almost incidental finding which he was clearly reluctant to discuss. It is a common finding amongst experienced healthcare professionals that in any consultation it is the last 30 seconds which is the most important. As the patient stands up to go, there is the just while Im here moment when they can bring up an issue that really troubles them and may not be the real presented reason for the consultation. In this essay we shall discuss the various aspects of this situation and the measures we can take to try to help him. (Parker and Lawton 2003) 2.a holistic assessment of the pt, including any relevant medical social and psychological issues. If we start with the initial presenting symptom under discussion the impotence it is easier to work backwards from that to discuss the possible pathophysiology that can be relevant. Impotence is said to occur whenever the male fails to get an erection when it is required. This, in itself is neither unusual nor necessarily pathological. It becomes a significant symptom when the male repeatedly fails to get an erection that is sufficient for intercourse. It is quite possible to get full spontaneous erections and yet still be impotent. This is one of the major diagnostic features that distinguishes the psychogenic impotence from the purely physical. (Ackerman MD, Carey MP. 1995) There are a number of obvious physical causes of erectile dysfunction that are relevant to Mr Pickles (see on), but equally there are a number of possible psychogenic causes that may be either primary factors or possibly secondary contributory factors in the aetiology of his problems. The fact that he has recently undergone major cardiac surgery is a very relevant factor. Patients will frequently suffer from a major change in body perception when they have come to a close realisation of their own mortality. If we add to this the fact that, as the major breadwinner in the family, it is likely that Mr Pickles would have felt a major blow to his self-esteem when he was made redundant from a responsible high esteem job and forced to become a taxi driver with long working hours. This is quite apart from the anxiety and fatigue that such a job would engender.(Beck J. 1995) It is possible that the medication that Mr Pickles is taking may have a bearing on his erectile dysfunction as the male erection is dependent on the hydrostatic pressure of the blood for its maintenance. Any medication that reduces the average blood pressure, will effectively reduce the capacity to acquire and maintain an erection. In addition to this the adrenergic beta-blocker group will also selectively block the sympathetic pathways that are vital to the neurovascular control of the mechanisms of erection. Pathophysiology of diabetes and impotence Both of these topics are huge subjects, so in this essay we will restrict out considerations to those aspects which are relevant to Mr Pickles and his problems. We know that Diabetes Mellitus affects about 2% of the UK population with a specifically higher incidence in both the Asian and Afro-Caribbean communities(Nathan 1998). There is also a marked genetic component in the development of Diabetes Mellitus. Mr Pickles has Type II diabetes mellitus which is associated with a number of factors including a high BMI and increasing age. At 56 yrs. old he is currently at the peak incidence age for Type II diabetes mellitus (Gregg et al. 2003). Diabetes Mellitus is known to be associated with a number of complications. The prevalence and incidence of the complications, in general, tends to increase with the length of time that the patient has been diabetic. There is also an independent variable for complications that is directly proportional to the degree of control (as measured by the HbA1 levels). In general terms, the better the control the lower the incidence of complications (Kissebah et al. 1999) As far as Mr Pickles is concerned, there are two major complications of Type II diabetes mellitus that are directly linked with impotence and they are cardio-(macro)vascular disease and neuropathy. (Wagner et al. 1998) We can deduce that Mr Pickles has macrovascular disease by virtue of the fact that he his recovering from a CABG. And this may well be a very relevant factor in his erectile dysfunction but also there is the question of neuropathy which typically occurs in about 2.4% of the general population, but this figure rises to above 8% in the diabetic patient over the age of 60 yrs. ( Hughes 2002) Impotence tends to occur, in varying degrees, in about 10-15% of men under 40 yrs. Its incidence increases with age to the extent that 40% of men at the age of 40 yrs report a degree of impotence and this prevalence rises to 70% at the age of 70 yrs. (Gregoire 1999). If we add to this basic clinical picture the fact that there are other factors such as hypertension, smoking, cardiac neurosis, loss of self-confidence, depression and iatrogenic causes (medication etc.) all of which may well be relevant to Mr Pickles, then it can be seen that there are a plethora of potential causes of his erectile dysfunction. (Barnes, DE. 2004) Both of the first two causes (hypertension and smoking) are independent risk factors for impotence, quite apart for the fact that they are also risk factors for the development of the macrovascular complications of Diabetes Mellitus (Bowering 2001) Mr Pickles diabetic state has been recently well controlled (HbA1 of 6.5%). This is important as the incidence of development of diabetic complications is reduced by between 34-76% (depending on the particular study) for every 10% reduction in the average HbA1 reading. (Bowering 2001). In addition to all of these considerations, atherosclerosis is also a major complication of Type II diabetes mellitus, which, presumably is relevant to Mr Pickles because of his CABG, and this may be a major factor in the development of his erectile dysfunction. Management plan 3.a plan/strategy based on critical understanding of physiological and pharmaceutical issues. Any management plan must firstly be based on an accurate diagnosis. At this point in time we do not have this luxury. As we have discussed, there are anyone of a huge number of possibilities in the aetiology of Mr Pickles erectile dysfunction problem. When confronted with a problem such as this, any experienced healthcare professional may reasonably chose to manage the problem by making a rational judgement of the probabilities of any one particular cause being relevant. Implicit in such a management strategy is the fact that there are some causes that my be correctable (iatrogenic, psychological, and life style related) and there are some that may not (macrovascular damage, neuropathy and atherosclerosis). It is reasonable, in such circumstances, to discuss the situation openly with Mr Pickles and discuss with him the various treatment options. Patient empowerment and education is a vital strategy to adopt in circumstances such as this as Mr Pickles is far more likely to comply and respond if he understands the rationale behind the treatment plan.(Howe and Anderson 2003) We would suggest that an appropriate strategy would be to initially tackle the situation on two fronts. The psychological aspects of the erectile dysfunction are probably best discussed with an experienced psychologist or councillor who has expertise in this particular area. This is important because there is a considerable skill in eliciting the relevant factors from the patient. Many patients are reticent about talking openly about their imitate sexual details and there has to be a careful build up of trust and empathy on both sides. Factors such as good eye contact and a non-judgemental body stance are essential on the part of the healthcare professional if the optimal result is to be obtained Not only can the issues that are relevant be explored, but also any one of a number of psychological treatment techniques can be employed. This is a matter of considerable clinical judgement and skill and therefore probably best done by an experienced healthcare professional in that area. The pharmaceutical area can also be addressed as Atenolol is clearly not the best anti hypertensive to use as, not only will it reduce the blood pressure (which it clearly is important to do) but it also produces a counter productive beta-blockade which will not help the erectile dysfunction problem. The difficulty is that, after the CABG, Atenolol does have a degree of action on the suppression of ectopic electrophysiological foci in the myocardium which is a recognised complication of the procedure. It also is thought to have a cardioprotective effect post-myocardial infarction. It is probably a good idea to change his anti-hypertensive medication, but in the circumstances, it is probably better to seek the advice of the surgical team who performed the CABG. before making the transition. The question of Viagra has been raised by Mr Pickles. This is not as straight forward as it might initially appear. Viagra has been shown to work well in these circumstances. It has the downside that it allows sexual intercourse which is associated with increased peaks of blood pressure. As Mr Pickles is still in the postoperative recovery phase (16 weeks) it would again be sensible to consult with the surgical team as to their advice on the issue. The other problem with Viagra is that if it transpires that the long term aetiology is actually psychological rather than purely physical, then the prescription of Viagra will often breed a feeling of psychological dependence which may firstly be both inappropriate and unnecessary and secondly, very hard to break. It is probably therefore inappropriate to consider such options at this stage in the management. 4.legal and professional accountability should be discussed. The legal and professional issues are largely covered in the making of a management plan. In any area of professional competence, the best defence against criticism or censure, is the fact that a healthcare professional works from a rational evidence-based plan. It is for this reason that we have set out the rational and reasoning for the plan that we have chosen to adopt. It is actually quite permissible (legally) for a healthcare professional to be wrong on any given issue, as long as they have come to a reasoned and rational decision based on the facts that were placed before them. And behaved in a way that the majority of their professional colleagues believe is reasonable in the circumstances. It is, of course, central to these considerations, that all actions are carefully and fully recorded in the patients notes Prescribing decisions 5.a critical discussion of influences on prescribing decisions. The area of prescribing for Mr Pickles is clearly important. To some extent, we have covered the reasoning behind the change of prescription earlier in this essay. There is a common misconception amongst many members of the public (and indeed many of the less experienced healthcare professionals) that the solution to every problem comes in the form of tablets on a prescription. The whole area of patient empowerment and education is often filled with issues of lifestyle change, healthy living, self care and positive thinking which can frequently be more effective that simply giving the patient a prescription. (Boule NG et al. 2001) In the context of the NHS, it is a common observation that sometimes a prescription is given because it is the most expedient short-term measure in a given situation, (Dawes RM et al. 1974), however, time invested in an explanation to a patient as to why other measures might be equally as important is rarely time wasted., (Corrigan B. 1974) Future management 6.consider your future prescribing activity based on experience gained from this case study. In any professional area of activity, the author likes to use the mechanism of reflective practice to allow a critical assessment of a past course of action to modify future actions when faced with a similar situation. (Gibbs, G 1988) On careful reflection of this case, I believe that I may have acted rather rashly in stopping the Atenolol as a first choice. On reflection, I believe that the Atenolol did need to be changed for any one of a number of other anti-hypertensive agents but I feel that, in retrospect, I would have been wiser to take advice from the surgical team before I made that decision. Further reflection and discussion with other healthcare professionals (Marks-Moran Rose 1996), suggested that another appropriate course of action would have been to stop the antihypertensive medication altogether for a short period. This is on the grounds that his hypertension was not severe and was hitherto well controlled. If the erectile dysfunction was simply a reflection of the fact that the medication was holding his blood pressure down to a level where erection could not easily occur, a few days off the medication may allow a transient increase in his blood pressure to the point that erection could occur. As long as one was careful to monitor his blood pressure to ensure that it did not rise too far, I have been advised that this would represent a reasonable therapeutic trial to establish whether the underlying causes were mainly physical or physiological.(Wagner G et al 1998). On the face of it, this does seem reasonable but I believe that I would have to take further advice before I was fully comfortable with that decision. It follows from what has already been discussed, that I also feel that I may have been too quick to consider the pharmacological interventions before making a complete holistic assessment of the patient. There are clearly a number of lifestyle adjustments that may be relevant here such as weight loss and increasing exercise and looking for a new focus in life (to minimise any element of depression) which would be comparatively easy to achieve with appropriate empowerment and education of the patient. (Funnell R et al 2004) All in all, this is not a straight forward case. There are many elements which require careful and considered assessment. I believe that it is one of those cases that helps to point out that although there is a huge emphasis to be placed on modern scientific understanding and application of medical principles, there is also a very large element of human understanding and caring that is so very important to the successful management of patients such as Mr Pickles (Waterlow J. 1998) References Ackerman MD, Carey MP. 1995 Psychologys role in the assessment of erectile dysfunction: historical precedents, current knowledge and methods. 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